تحقیق بسیار مهمی هست در رابطه با میزان وجود آنتی‌بادی های خنثی کننده ( neutralizing antibody) بعد از ابتلا به کروناویروس covid_19 در بیماران ترخیص شده از بیمارستان.
در ۱۷۵ بیماری که در این تحقیق مورد بررسی قرار گرفته‌اند، آنتی‌بادی های خنثی کننده بعد از ده تا پانزده روز از شروع بیماری ظاهر شدند.
میزان این آنتی‌بادی ها در افراد میانسال و مسن و افرادی با CPR بالاتر و تعداد لنفوسیت کمتر در بدو بستری بیشتر بوده است.
این تحقیق اطلاعات خوبی برای مواردی که لازم هست هنگام ساختن واکسن مورد توجه ما قرار بگیره ارائه میکنه. همچنین این تحقیق مشخص میکنه که برای درمان با پلاسما احتمالا اندازه گرفتن میزان آنتی‌بادی های خنثی کننده میتونه اقدام درستی برای افزایش موفقیت این راهکار درمانی باشه.
در این تحقیق ده بیمار جوان آنتی‌بادی قابل اندازه گیری با دقت این تحقیق نداشتند ( under the detectable level of our assay (ID50: < 40)) و حدود ۳۰ درصد از کل جمعیت افراد این تحقیق ( ۱۷۵نفر)، میزان بسیار کمی آنتی‌بادی خنثی کننده ساخته بودند.
Spike-binding antibody in plasma were determined by ELISA using RBD, S1, and S2 proteins of SARS-CoV-2.
The NAb titers were positive correlated with plasma CRP levels but negative correlated with the lymphocyte counts of patients at the time of admission, indicating an association between humoral response and cellular immune response. Interpretation The variations of SARS-CoV-2 specific NAbs in recovered COVID-19 patients may raise the concern about the role of NAbs on disease progression. The correlation of NAb titers with age, lymphocyte counts, and blood CRP levels suggested that the interplay between virus and host immune response in coronavirus infections should be further explored for the development of effective vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 virus.
Notably, among these patients, there were ten patients whose NAb titers were under the detectable level of our assay (ID50: < 40); while in contrast, two patients, showed very high titers of NAb,
they’ve analyzed 175 patients discharged from hospitals in Shanghai after coronavirus infection. Neutralizing antibodies appear about 10 to 15 days after the onset of disease (which sounds about right) and target three different regions of the “spike” protein on the virus. (Interestingly, these do not cross-react with the earlier SARS coronavirus spike protein). The total amount in the blood (the titer) varied quite a bit between individuals – notably, younger patients had far lower levels than older ones did, which raises the question of how immune they really are. In fact, ten of those young patients had no detectable neutralizing antibodies at all (!) and overall, about 30% of the entire cohort failed to develop a high antibody titer (although they had similar disease progression before their recovery).
https://blogs.sciencemag.org/pipeline/archives/2020/04/08/covid-19-antibody-update-for-april-8
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.03.30.20047365v1.full.pdf+html
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